ESPR by product group

The Battery Passport: the First Live Digital Product Passport

Last updated · 2026-06-08Battery Passport mandatory from 18 February 2027 (firm date)

The Battery Passport is the first live Digital Product Passport in the EU. It is required under the EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, not the ESPR delegated acts, and is mandatory from 18 February 2027 for electric-vehicle, light-means-of-transport (LMT) and industrial batteries over 2 kWh. Because it goes live first, it is the de-facto template for every later ESPR product passport.

TL;DR

  • The Battery Passport is the first live DPP and is mandatory from 18 February 2027 - this is a firm date, unlike the ESPR product groups.
  • It applies to EV, light-means-of-transport (LMT) and industrial batteries over 2 kWh under the EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542.
  • It is accessed via a QR code and carries composition, carbon footprint, recycled content and supply-chain data.
  • It sets the practical template that later ESPR DPPs (textiles, electronics and others) are expected to follow.
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Status and timing

Where batteries stands today

Delegated act: Battery Passport mandatory from 18 February 2027 (firm date)

Digital Product Passport: Live from 18 February 2027 (firm) - the first DPP to take effect

  • Electric-vehicle (EV) batteries, light-means-of-transport (LMT) batteries, and industrial batteries with a capacity over 2 kWh.
  • Required under the EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, which ESPR amends - not under an ESPR delegated act.
  • Each in-scope battery must carry a QR code linking to its passport from 18 February 2027.

The Battery Passport is legally a Battery Regulation requirement, but it is the working blueprint for ESPR DPPs, which is why it sits in this hub.

Priorities and indicative timing come from the first ESPR Working Plan (2025-2030), under the framework of Regulation (EU) 2024/1781.

The data you will need

What a DPP for batteries will likely carry

  • Battery chemistry and material composition, including critical raw materials.
  • Carbon footprint of the battery.
  • Recycled content of key materials.
  • State of health and performance data over the battery life.
  • Supply-chain due-diligence information and the unique identifiers behind the data carrier.

The exact fields are set per product group in its delegated act, so treat this list as the expected shape of the data, not the final requirement. See the DPP data requirements guide for the full picture.

What to do now

What to do for batteries

  1. Confirm whether you place EV, LMT or industrial batteries over 2 kWh on the EU market.
  2. Map the data the Battery Passport requires - composition, carbon footprint, recycled content and supply-chain data - and identify gaps now.
  3. Plan the QR-code data carrier and how passport data will be hosted and kept current to the 18 February 2027 deadline.
  4. Use the Battery Passport build as a template for any later ESPR DPP your products will need.
  5. Work through the DPP Readiness Checklist to structure your data before go-live.

FAQ

Batteries and ESPR: common questions

When is the Battery Passport mandatory?
From 18 February 2027 for EV, light-means-of-transport and industrial batteries over 2 kWh, under the EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. This is a firm date and makes the Battery Passport the first live Digital Product Passport in the EU.
Is the Battery Passport part of ESPR?
Not directly. It is required under the EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, which ESPR amends. Because it goes live first, it is the de-facto template for the Digital Product Passports that ESPR delegated acts will introduce for other product groups.
Which batteries need a Battery Passport?
Electric-vehicle batteries, light-means-of-transport (LMT) batteries, and industrial batteries with a capacity over 2 kWh. Smaller portable batteries are not covered by the passport requirement.
What data does the Battery Passport carry?
It carries battery chemistry and composition, carbon footprint, recycled content, state-of-health and performance data, and supply-chain due-diligence information, reached via a QR code on the battery.
How is the Battery Passport accessed?
Through a QR code linked to a unique product identifier, with different data visible to different users - consumers, repairers, recyclers and authorities - the same differentiated-access model expected for ESPR DPPs.

Related

Get ready for ESPR and the DPP

Work through the DPP Readiness Checklist, then explore the tools and guides built for your product group.

Get the DPP Readiness Checklist

This is guidance, not legal advice

This is guidance to help you understand how ESPR is expected to apply to batteries, not legal advice. ESPR is a framework law and most product rules arrive via delegated acts that are not yet adopted, so confirm with the official sources we link or a qualified adviser before acting.

Sources

  1. [1]Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 (ESPR), full text (EUR-Lex)retrieved 8 Jun 2026
  2. [2]European Commission: 2025-2030 ESPR Working Planretrieved 8 Jun 2026
  3. [3]Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 (EU Battery Regulation), full text (EUR-Lex)retrieved 8 Jun 2026
  4. [4]CIRPASS-2: EU Digital Product Passport pilotsretrieved 8 Jun 2026
  5. [5]JRC: Digital Product Passport data-requirements methodology (JRC145830)retrieved 8 Jun 2026

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